Internal combustion engine



Feb. 28, 1933-. w R GRlSWOLD 1,899,324

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE Filed OC'b. 15, 1928 |7 I 46 47. A l7 48 l8 7 I x ELL-T, .1.

37 gwuantoz Glut,

I 35 WALTEHH.EHIEWDLD.

- gine provided with'a .vibrationdampeli can;

-40 a i r ig. 3 is anenlarged detail sectionof the damper actuating meansfs hown in Fig." 1, il-

Patented 'Febt 21 1933; I

-. I WALTER B." cmswoimjorf:ougmor'r; mrcirreau; Ass'rcnonggmo rncxmn Karen 5" columna or: ne'morr ymcnrezm, A conromrronj or rcnmm 4 eo smm nmmj This invention relates tofinternal combu s I tion engines and more-particularly to means for controlling torsional vibration; in the ,crank shafts of s'uchenginest ff I 5 It has for one of its j objects -to provide asimple and efiective device adapted to frictionally damp torsional -vibr'ationfin men-h I j M I h j connecting rod-l6 to"a piston'mounted inone gineshaft Another objector thefinvention' a; ro:

'10 vide :a vibration damper having actuating;- means which {is resilient to secure frictional. engagement of the damper, member," and which is also responsive to centrifugal force to increase the-damping at the higher-shaft speeds; I I

7 Another object of the invention is to provide .a, vibration damper having speed re sponsive actuating 1 means to f increase; the damping at the higherspeeds which will not mechanism; 1 x a Y "Afurther Object of theinventiOn is to provide a vibration damper which shall be 'i'n 25 expensive to construct and easy to assemble, and which shallbe readily'accessible for in spection and; adjustment without e removin g c or otherwise en meg nection with the drawing,which forms apart g of this specification, and'in'which:

Fig. 1 is a longitudinaliivertical section through part of an internal combustion 'e'n r structed in accordance withthis invention V Fig. 2 is a sectional view partljj broken lustrating the attachment of-the weight menu bers'ep- 1' "o Fig. 4 isva detail-sectionshowing cation I of the invention; and

Fig. 5 is a detail section showingthe 11cm:

- in its freepositionqating means ofthedevice illustrated in Figwl Q Referringsto thedrawing,

usual-construction. I I I stick orbind, so that the dampers'hall-be free from unbalance resulting from the actuating f awayj'taken substantially on the line 2+2 0f1" duce is represented a crank Lease ofan internal oil pan 11 and provided with'transverse' webs,

such-gas shown atq12. These webs 's'upporti combustion engine, having a lowercover or v v cranksq15, each of which is connectedby' a of the engineicylindersrj The pistonjand cylinder'are not'shownin the drawing, butare iof The damping means of 7 "this invention; is r illustrated as mounted a't or adjacent the end' or of the crank shaft 149' It is in the form ofra; pair'of similar cylindrical inertia members 17 mounted.coaxially =with:the crankshaft on a; suitable partthereofland adapted to en gage suitable friction means As shown this' c bearing part of the crankshaft is a forward 1y proj eating a reduced portion-18 on which a bearingor retaining member l9 is keyedias indicatedjat 21. The axialposition of-the 'bearingjmember 19' onwthe crank shaft isdeterminedhy a gear-or chainsprocket'22 which a may be keyed 5 or otherwise secured on the reduced" crank shaft portion 18 as indicated at 23 if ,desired,and.used to drive the en-i gine cam shaft andother engine accessories,

- which are not shown in the 'dr-awingge This hearingQmember 19--is formed with: an integr'al'fla-nge 24, presenting 'a forwardly dis pos'ed'friction surface 26 adapted EfOI coop eration with the rearwardly disposed face of the adjacent inertia-member 17 tocproduce damping Ffriction upon relative rotative movement. I 1

- The-"member 19 and the inertiamember 17 are-retained in axial-position onthe shaft to cooperate in damping relation'with the byaCgea-r or pulley '27, mounted upon theresh-af-t portion 18 and presenting a rear- 'wardly disposedfriction surface '28 adaptedforwardly disposed f face of the adjacent inertia'members 17.1 The pulley-27 isprovided i with a peripheral groove 29" for cooperation with a suitable belthy which itmaydri've; H

the engine an and water 'pum'p 'or other engine ac cessories which are not shown in the} e e This pulley member 27; may beretained'on' the shaft 14 by a member 31 having an integral stud 32 threaded into the end of the shaft portion 18 and having a flange 33 adapted to engage the forward face of the pulley 27. The end of this member 31 may be formed with suitable teeth or lugs 34 for engagement with the usual hand star-tin crank for manually rotating the crank sha e 7 for startin 10 g The inertia" members 17- are 'rotatably mounted on the bearing member 19 and are axially spaced a slight amount The adjacent faces of each of these members is provided near its periphery with an axially disposed groove 36 having a seat portion 37 which together-form a-peripheral chamber or spacc 38, within which thedamper actuating means The damper actuating meansof this inv'e'ns ticn. comprises a resilientmember 39, illustrated :in F ig. 3 in the form of a spring ring,

which is mounted in'the peripheral space 38 between. theinertia members 17. This menh her-.39 is provided with suitable; abutment T portions which may be in the .form of rolled separate the inertia members 1 and urges these into frictional engagement with the respective cooperating surfaces 26 and 28,-

In this way initial damping frictionis insured, and damping of shaft vibrations at the lower shaft speeds is provided. 7

In damping devices of the character desig nated it is desirable to increase thedampin'g efie t as he shaft speed n eases, and thi result is also secured bythe construction f.

the a tuating member. Because of, it bowed shapethe member 39 constitutes a resilient; toggle, the expansion or flattening of which greatly increases the axial-pressure, and con: sequently the damping friction, between, the

members 17 and their" coo 'eratin friction surfaces. To secure such expansionor -fl atteningof the'toggle member 39 in response to speed changes in the shaft, spacedfweight members 42 are secured to the inner surface ofthe mcmber39 at the centralportion thereof in any convenient way, as by means of screws 43 passing through the member 39 and,

threaded into the members 42. The members" 4 12- are of equal size and weight, and areevenly spaced to; prevent unbalancing ofthe resiliu ztogg e 3 :1

. The operation of this device: willbeevidentl from the preceding description-{1pm I increase in shaft speed the centrifugal force acting upon the weight membersAQg to portions in this actuating mechanism, there is no chance of any sticking or binding of the parts. Theexpansible. toggle 39 will there ,fore henduniformly and will not be more deformed in one portion than in another, in

this way avoiding. distortion and unbalance 0i; the damping de ice- 7 I r in Fi J .4; an 5 is sh wn a vibration a p aving a modified form of the actua ug mechanism In this form ofthe d vice he r m nce member con ists. of a ring m m 46; fo med preferably ofya; resil ent. sub-t stance such as rubber impregnated'with; a heavy material such as lead. This-actuatuggmembe 46 is provide with circumfern m flangesfi adapted t fit insuitable groo sii in hei e amembers 1.7 a d p efe ab y to v b gidly sec red t erein Theshape in cross section of this member is shown in Fig. 5 and it will be evident. that whenplaced in position between the inertia members 1? it is bowed or sprung into the position sho n in Fig, o aste previde a res lient toggle member similar to the toggle member 39 shown in Figs. 1 and Because of its resiliencqthemember 46 tends to separate the inertia members 17- so as to provide initial damping-and by reason of its loading, ithas considerable inertia so that it will tend to bend or deform radially upon an ingrease-in speed, thus acting as a toggle to increase the damping friction upon an increase in It will be evident that this invention pro vides a simple and effective vibration dampler having a single actuating element whic is capable of initial expansion to provide'damping friction at the lower shaft speeds, and .alsoo-ii increasing the pressure between'the friction surfaces to increase the. damping effect as the shailt'speecl increases.

It will also be apparent that since the expansive movementyof the actuating mechanism occurs wholly by deformation of the resilient toggle member, and since there is no movement between this member and its abutments or supports, there can be no stickng r b nd ng of the part-estates to, interfere with the operation of the damper or cause unbalance in the engine.

Itwill be understood that various forms of the invention other than; those described above may be. used without departing iii-om. the spirit or scope ofthe invention, Having thus 'dc cribedsthe invention, what I is claimed and desired to members rotatably mounted on said bearing,

friction means connected to the-shaftand axially engagin aid inertia members, and

resilient toggle means between said inertia members to increase the frictional engagement with said friction means. H 2. A vibration damper for shafts compris-,

ing inertia members supported for rotation with respect to the shaft,ffriction members toggle expansibly mounted betw t ertia members. s

.to the shaft between thefric tion members,"

inertia members supported for rotation with respect to the shaft between said fIIClZlOH 7 ring and 3. A vibration damper for shafts comprismemberssupported for rotation with respectand a resilient toggle'memberbetween said A vibration damper shaft,

members, and actuating means between said inertia members including a resilient toggle spaced weight members secured to said rin 5. A vibration damper for shafts comprising friction members secured thereto, inertia to the shaft between the friction members,

members supported for rotation with respect a resilienttogg'le member between said inertia members, andwelght members responsive to centrifugal force adapted to expand' saidtogglemember. p

6; A'vibration dainpervfor shafts comprising 'a flangesecuredto said shaftiproviding anaxiallydisposed friction surface, a pair of inertia members means to retain said inertia members on the shaft defining a second fllCtlOn surface, resilienttoggle means between the inertia members urgingisaid inertia members into fric-,

means toincrease the friction upon increas ofspeedf I I V v 7. A vibration damper for engine shafts comprising a bearingmcmber secured to the shaft and having an axially'disposed flange providing afriction surface, a member secured to said shaft providing an oppositely" disposed friction surface, pair ,of inertia members rotatably mounted on-the bearing member between said flange and member cooperating respectively with said friction sur faces, a resilient toggle memberbetween the inertia members urging them ax ally into ing friction members secured thereto, inertia for shafts compris supported for rotation with respect to the shaft adjacent said flange,

- frictional engagement withjthe "frictionsure' faces, and weight; members secured to the toggle member to increase the axial pressure thereof as the speed increases. i

r i 8. I i a vibration "damper for shafts commentbe'tween said friction and finertia'membersu; I

9.;"In"-a vibration dam GIJfOIIShfiftSCOIH- connected .to the shaft and axially engageablc) by said inertia members, and resilient means responsive to speed variations including a' by theshaft, a toggledevice adapted to effect frictional engagement of said members,

and weight members operable in response to centrifugal force toiactuate said toggle, 5

device tojvary the friction with increased m- "shaft speed.

10} In a vibration, damper, for shafts ,comprising an inert a'member mounted 'f0r-rotation'and axial movement withrespect: to the. shaft, a friction member secured to the. shaft 'adjacent, said inertia member, a 're- I silient toggle device operable to urge said:in-'

ertiamember axially into contact withsaid friction membenand speed-responsive means associated with said toggle-device and operable thereon to increase thepressure of contact with higher shaft speeds;

- 11; Alvibration damper for shafts comr prisingfriction memberssecured thereto,'inertia members mounted for rotation with 're-;

spect to the shaft; between the friction, meI

bers, a toggle device between the inertia members,;and a iweight mem ber responsive to centrifugal force operatively connected to prising .relativelyinovable friction andxin+ erti'a' members carried bykthe shaft, ,and means includingva toggle device carried by one of said members and exertingfthrust thereon to effect frictional engagement ,be-- tween said members. I

13. AyibratiOn damper for a, shaft 'c'omprisingan! inertia member mounted for ro-; n

. mountedfor. rotation with the shaft and I 7 having a a frictional connection with. said intation' rwith respect to the shaft,- a: member ertia member, Zone of said members being movable 1 axially of the shaft; withcre spect tothefother to'vary the friction, and means responsive to variation in; th'e speed of rotat ion: ofthe-shaftoperatively connected to one of said members to moveithesame axial-' ly, said last named means including a thrust element rotatinguwith' the membe'r to be moved, anda 'weightedtoggle interposed 'beprising an inertia member and a thrust mem her, said members being mounted for rotation with respect to saidshaft, an abutment carried by said shaft for limiting axial movement of said inertia member and having frictional connection therewith, and speed responsive means to move said inertia member axially to vary the friction, said means in cluding a' continuous annular resillent element nterposed between SELICl'IIIBmbGIS and exerting'an initial thrust therebetween;

15. A vibration damper fora shaft comprising an inertia member and athrust member, said mambers being mounted for rotation'with respect to :saidishaft, an abutment carried by said shaftfor-limiting axial move ment of saidinertia member and having frictional connection therewith. and speedresponsive'means to move said inertia member axially to vary the friction, said means including a resilient element interposed between said members and initially tensioned to exert a direct thrust therebetween, and means having substantial mass movable in response to centrifugal force and connected ,with said element to vary thethrust exerted thereby as the speed of the shaft is varied.

16. A vibration damper for a shaft comprising an inertia member and a thrust member, saidmembers being mounted for rotation with respect to said shaft, an abutment carried by said shaft for limiting axial movement of said inertia member andhaving frictional connection therewith, and speed re+ sponsive means to move said inertia member axially to vary the friction, said means including an annular element interposed between said members and initially bowed to exert thrust therebetween, and means having substantialmass movable in response to centrifugal force and connected with said ele- V ment to vary the thrust exerted thereby as the speed of the shaft is varied. V

17. A vibration damper for a shaft comprising an inertia member and a thrust memher, said members beingfmountedfor rotation with respect to said shaft, an abutment carried by said shaft for limitingaxial move- \ment of said inertia member and having frictional connection therewith, and speed responsive means to move said inertia member axlally to vary the friction, said means including an annular element interposed between said members and initially bowed to exert thrust therebetween, and means having substantial mass movable in response to centrifugal force and connected with said element to vary the thrust exerted thereby as the speed of the shaft is Varied, said element and, said last named means being integral.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature.

.WALTER R'GRIswo D, 

